eel, sell, wash, etc. when they are used as intransitive v
erbs in sentences, their active form expresses passive meaning. the subjects refer to things.
for examples:
the stone moved.
social customs changed.
the door won’t shut.
there are some other conditions that the active form expresses passive meaning.
3.3.1. when they are used in adverbial which expresses mode of behavior, the active form expresses passive meaning.
for examples:
the bridge has washed out.
television sets sell very well.
3.3.2. when they are used in modals, the active form expresses passive meaning.
for examples:
the box won’t lock.
the book would not translate well.
3.4. the continuous tense of verbs can express passive meaning.
(1) the potatoes are cooling.
(2) the meat is cooking.
(3) the film is showing there.
(4) the books are printing.
ⅳ passive form expresses active meaning
in english, some transitive verbs are only used in passive voice, but aren’t used in active voice, such as: dress, shave, locate, situate, excite, satisfy, determine, doom, born, etc.
for examples:
our college is situated in the suburbs.
the house is located near the lake.
she dressed in red.
he was freshly shaven.
he is satisfied with my work.
i was so excited that i couldn’t say a word.
they are determined to fulfill their task ahead of time.
the plan was doomed to failure.
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